Environmental Combustion Group: Publications

1. Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Trends in auto emissions and gasoline composition. Environmental Health Perspectives, 101, Supplement 6, 5-9.

2. Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Reformulated gasoline for automotive emissions reduction. Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1423-1432, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

3. Utell, M., Warren, J., and Sawyer, R.F. (1994). Public health risks from auto emissions. Annual Review of Public Health, 15, 157-78.

4. Thomson, M.J., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Reducing hazardous waste incinerator emissions through blending: a study of 1,1,1-trichloroethane injection. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 93-098.

5. Lee, S., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Effect of post-flame fuel injection on the destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons and NO conversion. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 93-094.

6. Lau, B.C., Higgins, B.S., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer, R.F. (1994). The design and construction of a turbulent, vertically-oriented combustion-driven flow reactor. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 94-034.

7. Vitovec, W., Higgins, B.S., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer, R.F. (1994). Thermal destruction of CHCl3 and C2Cl4 during high temperature post-flame oxidation. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 94-029.

8. Sawyer, R.F. and Johnson, J.J. (1995). Diesel emissions and control technology. Diesel Exhaust: A Critical Analysis of Emissions, Exposure, and Health Effects, 65-81, The Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

9. Cohen, J.P., Noda, A.M., Iwamiya, R.K., Pollack, A.K., Darlington, T.L., and Sawyer, R.F. (1994). Comparisons of driving patterns between the Spokane/Baltimore 3- and 6-parameter instrumented data and several driving cycles. Systems Applications International Report No. SYSAPP94-94/020 for AAMA and AIAM.

10. Sawyer, R.F. (1995). Reformulated gasoline and alternative fuels for motor vehicles. Proceedings of the 1995 Energy and Air Quality Conference, Clear Air Society of Australia and New Zealand and CSIRO Centre for Pollution Assessment and Control, Sydney, Australia.

11. Sawyer, R.F. (1995). Successes and failures in automotive emissions control. Australian Symposium on Combustion and the Fourth Australian Flame Days, Gawler, South Australia, November 1995.

12. Shih, R. and Sawyer, R.F. (1996). The relation between throttle positioning and emissions. Proceedings of the Sixth CRC On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop, 2:41-51.

13. Sawyer, R.F. (1999). Motor vehicles and urban air pollution control. In Urban Pollution Control Technology (C.S. Poon and X.Z. Li, Editors), 23-29, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.

14. Sawyer, R.F., Harley, R.A., Cadle, S.H., Norbeck, J.M., Slott, R., and Bravo, H.A. (2000). Mobile Sources Critical Review: 1998 NARSTO Assessment. Atmospheric Environment 34, 2161-2181.

15. Kean, A.J., Harley, R.A., Littlejohn, D, Kendall, G.R.; “On-Road Measurement of Ammonia and Other Motor Vehicle Exhaust Emissions”; Environmental Science and Technology; in press.

16. Kean, A.J., Harley, R.A., Sawyer, R.F.; “A Fuel-Based Assessment of Off-Road Diesel Engine Emissions”; Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, in press.

17. S. Lee, C. P. Koshland, and D. Lucas (1992). Enhanced Destruction of CH3Cl in Post-Flame Combustion Gases. Combust. Flame 92, 106.

18. C. P. Koshland, D. Lucas, B. S. Higgins, and R. F. Sawyer (1992). Detection of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Combustion Using In-Situ FTIR Spectroscopy. 24th Symp. (Int.) on Combust., 871.

19. M. J. Thomson, B. S. Higgins, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1994). The Mechanism of Phosgene Formation from 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Oxidation. Combust. Flame 98, 350.

20. M. J. Thomson, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, R. F. Sawyer, Y. W, and J. W. Bozzelli (1994). An Experimental and Numerical Study of the High Temperature Oxidation of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. Combust. Flame 98, 155.

21. W. Vitovec, C. P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R. F. Sawyer (1996). The Destruction of Methylene Chloride in Lean Post-Flame Conditions. Combust. Sci. Technol. 116-117, 153.

22. W. Vitovec, B. S. Higgins, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1999). Post-Flame Oxidation of CHCl3 and C2Cl4. Combust. Sci. Technol.

23. B. S. Higgins, M. J. Thomson, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R.F. Sawyer (2000) An Experimental and Numerical Study of the Thermal Oxidation of Chlorobenzene. Accepted for publication in Chemosphere.

24. L. A. Sgro, C. P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R. F. Sawyer (2000). Post-Flame Reaction Chemistry of Dichloromethane: Variations in Equivalence Ratio and Temperature. Accepted for publication in Combust. Flame.

25. Thomson, M.J., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer, R.F. (1992). High temperature oxidation of 1,1,1trichloroethane. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 9230.

26. Arjomand, M., Goodman, T., and Sawyer, R.F. (1992). A combustion source of nitrous acid? Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 9238.

27. Buckley, S.G., Koshland, D.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1992). Combustion of methyl chloride and ethyl chloride in a diffusion flame burner. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 9232.

28. Thomson, M.J., Higgins, B.S., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer R.F. (1992). Mechanisms of phosgene formation. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 92-66.

29. Lee, S., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1994). Effects of post-flame fuel injection on the destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Combustion Science and Technology, 101, 247-260.

30. Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., Buckley, S.G., Engleman, S.A., Higgins, B.S., Lee, S., McEnally, C.S., and Thomson, M.J. (1993). The thermal destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Proceedings of the Russian-Japanese Seminar on Combustion/The Combustion Institute, 5-8.

31. Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R.F., Buckley, S.G., McEnally, C.S., and Higgins, B.S. (1995). Measurement and control of combustion byproducts. Pacific Rim Conference, Edmonton, Canada.

32. Sgro, L.A., Higgins, B.S., Koshland, C.P., Eibeck, P.A., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1995). Numerical characterization of a vertical combustion flow reactor. Central and Western States (US) Sections and Mexican National Section of the International Combustion Institute and American Flame Research Committee, San Antonio, Texas, April 1995, Proceedings, 736-741.

33.. Millet, C.-N., Sgro, L.A., Higgins, B., Koshland, D.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1995). Oxidation of methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) in the post-flame region of a vertical flow reactor. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Paper No. 95F-209.

34. Higgins, B.S., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1995). Thermal oxidation of benzene and chlorobenzene. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Paper No. 95F-208.

35. Vitovec, W., Higgins, B.S., Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., and Sawyer, R.F. (1995). The formation of toxic byproducts during high temperature post-flame oxidation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in a laboratory scale reactor. Third Asian Pacific International Symposium on Combustion and Energy Utilization, Hong Kong, December 1995.

36. Fisher, E. M., and Koshland, C. P., (1990). Numerical simulation of the thermal destruction of some chlorinated C1 and C2 hydrocarbons. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association. 40, 10. pp.1384-1390.

37. Seeker, R.W. and Koshland, C. P. (1990) Combustion Byproduct Formation: An Overview. Special issue on toxic combustion byproducts. Edited by Seeker and Koshland. Combustion Science and Technology, 74, 1-6.

38. Koshland, C. P. and Thomson, M. (1992 )An experimental comparison of the thermal destruction of gaseous and liquid 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Combustion, Science and Technology, 85, 1-6, pp. 471-482.

39. Fisher, E. M. and Koshland, C. P. (1992). Formation of Byproducts from 1,1,1-C2H3Cl3 in the Post-Flame Zone of a Turbulent Combustor. Combustion, Science and Technology. 85, 1-6, pp. 318-325

40. Fisher, E,. M. and Koshland, C. P., (1992) Thermal Destruction of CH3Cl under Lean Post-Flame Conditions. Combustion and Flame , 90, 2, pp. 185-195.

41. Koshland, C. P., Lee, S. and Lucas, D. (1993) Enhanced destruction of CH3Cl in Post-Flame Combustion Gases. Combustion and Flame, 92: pp 106-114.

42. Lee, S, Koshland, C. P., Sawyer, R. F. and Lucas, D. (1994). Effects of Post-Flame Fuel Injection on the Destruction of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, Combust. Sci & Tech.101: 247-260.

43. Thomson, M., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. P., and Sawyer, R. F. (1996) Reducing Hazardous Waste Incinerator Emissions through Blending: A study of
1, 1, 1-trichloroethane Injection. Hazardous Wastes and Hazardous Materials. 13, 387-398. C.V. for Catherine P. Koshland/6

44. Koshland. C. P. (1996) Impacts and Control of Air Toxics. The Twenty-sixth Symposium (International) on Combustion. The Combustion Institute.

45. Fisher, E. M., Koshland, C. P., and Sawyer, R. F. (1989). Numerical simulation of the thermal destruction of some chlorinated C1 and C2 hydrocarbons. Paper No. 8933, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Spring Meeting, Pullman, Washington.

46. Lucas, D., Hall M. J. , Taga, K. and Koshland, C. P. (1989). Measuring chlorinated hydrocarbons in combustion using FTIR spectroscopy. Paper No. 89- 53 Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting 1989, Livermore, California

47. Fisher, E. M., Koshland, C. P., Hall, M.J. and Sawyer, R. F. (1990). Experimental and numerical study of the thermal destruction of C2H5Cl. Paper No. 89- 98 Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting 1989, Livermore, California

48. Koshland, C. P. and Fisher, E. M. (1990). Relationships among CO, byproducts and destruction efficiencies: a numerical simulation of chlorinated hydrocarbon combustion. Extended Abstracts The Combustion Institute, Canadian and Western Sections, 1990 Spring Technical Meeting, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

49. Fisher, E. M. , Koshland, C. P. and Cervera, R. (1991). Formation of Byproducts from 1,1,1-C2H3Cl3 in the Post-Flame Zone of a Turbulent Combustor.
Paper No. 91- 5, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Boulder, Colorado, March.

50. Fisher, E.M. and Koshland, C. P. (1991) Measurements and Calculations of Post-Flame Thermal Destruction of CH3Cl. Extended Abstracts. Eastern States Section/The Combustion Institute, Ithaca, NY, October.

51. Koshland C. P. , Lucas, D., Higgins, B. and Sawyer, R. F. (1991). Measurement of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons UsingIn-Situ FTIR. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting ,UCLA, October.

52. Thompson,M., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. ,Sawyer, R. Wu, Y. and Bozzelli, J. 1992). The High Temperature Oxidation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane,Paper 92-30, Western States Section/TheCombustion Institute, Spring Meeting, Corvallis, Oregon, March.

53. Buckley, S. G., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D and Sawyer, R.F. (1992) Combustion of Methyl Chloride and Ethyl Chloride in a Diffusion Flame Burner, Paper No. 92-32, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Spring Meeting, Corvallis, Oregon, March.

54. Koshland, C. P., Lee, S. and Lucas, D. (1992). The Effectiveness of Clean Fuel Injection on the Destruction of CH3Cl, Paper No. 92-33, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Spring Meeting, Corvallis, Oregon, March.

55. McEnally, C.S., Sawyer,R.F., Koshland, C.P. and Sawyer, R.F. (1992). In-situ, Real-time Measurement of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Concentrations in Combustion Systems, Paper 92-65, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California, October.

56. Thomson, M.J. , Higgins, B. S., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. P. and Sawyer, R. F. (1992). Mechansims of Phosgene Formation, Paper 92-66, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Fall Meeting, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California, October.

57. Thomson, M.J., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, DL and Higgins, B. (1993). The contribution of the products of incomplete combustion to outlet toxicity. Presented at the Third International Colloquium on Toxic Combustion Byproducts, MIT, Cambridge,MA.

58. Lee, S., Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R. F., Lucas, D. (1994) Effects of Post-Flame Fuel Injection on the Destruction of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, Presented at the Third International Congress on Toxic Combustion Byproducts, MIT, Cambridge, MA.

59. Thomson, N. J., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. P. and Sawyer, R. F. (1993). Reducing hazardous Waste Incinerator Emissions Through Blending: A Study of 1,1,1 Trichloroethane Injection. Paper No. WSCI 93-098. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute. 1993 Fall Meeting, Menlo Park, CA.

60. Lee, S. , Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1993). Effect of post-flame fuel injection on the destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons and NO conversion. Paper No 93-094. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute. 1993 Fall Meeting, Menlo Park, CA.

61. Sawyer, R. , Koshland, C., Lucas, D. , Buckley, S., Engleman, S., Higgins, B., Lee, S., McEnally, C., and Thomson, M. (1993). Studies of the thermal destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Joint meeting of the Russian and Japanese Sections of the Combustion Institute, Moscow, Russia.

62. Koshland, C. P., Sawyer, R. F. and Lucas, D. (1993). Incineration: control in the combustor. Pacific Basin Conference on Hazardous Waste, Honolulu, HI.

63. Vitovek,W., Higgins, B. S., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P. and Lucas, D. (1994). Thermaldestruction of CHCl3 during high temperature post-flame oxidation Paper 94-029. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Davis, CA.

64. Lau,B.C., Higgins, B.S., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. L. (1994). The design and characterization of a vertical combustion flow reactor. Paper 94-034, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Davis, CA.

65. Sgro, L. A., Higgins, B. S., Koshland, C. P., Eibeck, P. A. , Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1995) Numerical Characterization of a Vertical Flow Combustion Flow Reactor. Extended Abstract. Central States ,Western States Section, Mexican Section/ The Combustion Institute and the American Flame Research Institue Joint Meeting, San Antonio, April 1995.

66. Vitovec, W., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1995) The Destruction of Methylene Chloride and Chloroform in Lean Post-Flame Conditions. Fourth International Congress on Toxic Combustion Byproducts, University of California Berkeley. June 5-7

67. Higgins, B. S., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1995). Thermal Oxidation of Benzene and Chlorobenzene. WSS/CI Paper 95F-208. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Stanford, October 1995.

68. Millet, C-N, Sgro, L. A., Higgins, B. S., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1995). Oxi-dation of Methylene Chloride in the Post-Flame Region of a Vertical Flow Reactor. WSS/CI Paper 95F-209. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Meeting, Stanford, October.

69. Vitovec, W., Higgins, B. S. Lucas, D. , Koshland, C. P. and Sawyer, R. F. (1995) The Formation of Toxic Byproducts During High Temeprature, Post-Flame Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydro-carbons in a Laboratory Scale Reactor. 3rd Asia Pacific International Symposium on Combustion and Energy Utilization. Hong Kong, Dec. 1995.

70. Sgro, L.A., Choi, Y.C., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D., and Sawyer, R.F. (1996). The Variation of Chemical Destruction Pathways of Dichloromethane (CH2CI2) in a Combustion Driven Flow Reactor. WSS/CI, Fall 1996.

71. Clack, H. L., Koshland, C. P. , Lucas, D. L. and Sawyer, R. F. (1997). A Two-step Air Blast Atomizer for Post-Combustion Flame Studies. Paper #WSS/CI 97S-016. Western States Section/Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Livermore, CA.

72. Sgro, L. A., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. L. and Sawyer, R. F. (1997) Influence of Equivalence Ratio and Temperature on Chemical Destruciton Pathways of Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) in a Combustion Driven Flow Reactor. Paper WSS/CI 97F-153. Western States Section/Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Diamond Bar, CA, October

73. Clack, H. L., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1997) Post-flame Thermal Destruction of Bi-Component Size and Density-controlled 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Sprays. Paper WSS/CI 97F-129. Western States Section/Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Diamond Bar, CA

74. Franklin, Pamela, Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R.F., and Lucas, D. (1998). Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts. Western States Section/ Combustion Institute March, 1998

75. Minc, K., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. P. and Sawyer, R. F. (1998) Investigation of the Geometry for in Situ FTIR Measurements in a Combustion Flow Reactor. WSS/CI 98S-18. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Seattle, WA. October, 1998.

76. Franklin, P., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1999) Evaluation of Combustion Products of MTBE as a component of reformulated gasoline. Extended Abstract. First Joint Meeting of the United States Sections of the Combustion Institute, Washington DC, March. p. 883-886.

77. Minc, K., Lucas, D., Koshland, C. P. , and Sawyer, R. F. (1999) Prototype Investigation for In Situ FTIR Measurements in a Combustion Flow Reactor, Paper WSS/CI99F-47 Western States Section Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Irvine

78. Higgins, Thomson, Lucas, Koshland and Sawyer (2000). An experimental and numerical study of the thermal oxidaction of chlorobenzene, Chemosphere Accepted.

79. C. S. McEnally, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1994). Sensitive in situ Detection of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Gas Mixtures. Applied Optics 33, 3977.

80. C. S. McEnally, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1994). In Situ Detection of Hazardous Waste. 25th Symp. (Int.) on Combust., 325.

81. S. G. Buckley, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1996). Metals Emissions Monitoring Using Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Combust. Sci. Technol, 118, 169.

82. S. G. Buckley, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1998). A Real-Time Monitor for Toxic Metal Emissions in Combustion. 26th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, 2455.

83. C. J. Damm, D. Lucas, R. F. Sawyer, and C. P. Koshland (2000). Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Method for Monitoring Ammonium Nitrate and Ammonium Sulfate Particles. Accepted for publication in Chemosphere.

84. McEnally, C.S., Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., Lucas, D. (1992). In-situ, real time measurement of chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in combustion systems. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 92-65.

85. Lucas, D., Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R.F., Buckley, S.G., McEnally, C.S., and Higgins, B.S. (1995). Measurement and control of combustion byproducts. Pacific Rim Conference, Edmonton, Canada.

86. Buckley, S.G., Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., and Lucas, D. (1995). Laser methods for lead monitoring in flames and post-flame gases. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Paper No. 95F-197.

87. Buckley, S.G., Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., and Lucas, D. (1995). In situ monitoring of toxic metal emissions using excimer laser fragmentation-fluorescence spectroscopy. Optical Remote Sensing for Environmental and Process Monitoring. San Francisco, California, September 1995.

88. Buckley, S.G., Damm, C.J., Vitovec, W.M., Sgro, L.A., Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., and Lucas, D. (1998). Ammonia detection and monitoring using photofragmentation-fluorescence. Applied Optics 37, 36, 8382-8391.

89. Buckley, S. G., Koshland, C. P., Sawyer, R. F., and Lucas, D. (1996). A Real-time Monitor for Toxic Metal Emissions from Combustion Systems. The Twenty-sixth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion
Institute, Pittsburgh. 2455.

90. Koshland. C. P. (1996) Impacts and Control of Air Toxics. The Twenty-sixth Symposium (International) on Combustion. The Combustion Institute.

91. McEnally, C. S., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P. and Lucas, D. (1993). In situ detection of hazardous waste. Paper 93-058. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute. 1993 Fall Meeting, Menlo Park, CA.

92. Buckley, S. , McEnally, C.S., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P. and Lucas, D. L, (1994). Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Metal Emissions Monitoring, Extended Abstract Eastern StatesSection/The Combustion Institute Annual Meeting, June 1994.

93. Buckley, S. , Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P. and Lucas, D. L, (1995). In Situ Monitoring of Toxic Metal Emissions Using Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Metal Emissions. Air and Waste Specialty Conference, SF, CA. September, 1995.

94. Buckley, S. G., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P., and Lucas, D. (1995). Laser Methods for Lead Monitoring in Flames and Post-flame Gases. WSS/CI Paper 95F-197. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute Fall Meeting, Stanford, October 1995.

95. Buckley, S. G., Koshland, C. P. , Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1996). A Real-Time Monitor for Toxic Metal Emissions from Combustion Systems. Paper No. 96S-032S, Western States Meeting/ The Combustion Institute, Tempe AZ, March.

96. Wilson,A., Sawyer, R. F., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Buckley, S. G. (1997). Detection of Metal Aerosol Particles Using ELFFS. Paper #WSS/CI 97S-016. Western States Section/Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Livermore, CA.

97. Buckley, S.G., Damm, Votivec, W., Sgro, L.A., Sawyer, R.F., Koshland, C.P., and Lucas, D. (1998). Ammonia Detection and Monitoring Using Photofragmentation-Flourescence. Western States Section / Combustion Institute March, 1998.

98. Damm, C. J., Lucas, D., Sawyer, R. F. and Koshland, C. P. (2000) Measurement of combustion generated particles with excimer laser fragmentation fluorescence spectroscopy. Paper 00S-6 WSS/CI Western States Section Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Golden, CO

99. Damm, Christopher, Lucas, D; Koshland, C. P. and Sawyer, R. F (2000) Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluoresence Spectroscopy as a method for monitoring ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate particles, Accepted Chemosphere

100. Koshland, C. P. and Yost, M. (1987). Use of a spreadsheet in the design of an industrial ventilation system. Applied Industrial Hygiene, 29, 204-212.

101. Materna, B. and Koshland, C. P. ( 1992). Field Comparison of two carbon monoxide monitoring methods: coloremetric dosimeters and electrochemical dataloggers. Applied Industrial Hygiene.

102. Materna, B. L., Koshland, C. P. and Harrison, R. J. (1993).Carbon Monoxide Exposures in Wildland Firefighting: A Comparison of monitoring methods, Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 8: pp. 479-487.

103. O’Rourke,D., Connelly, L. and Koshland, C. P.. (1996) Industrial Ecology: A Critical Review. International Journal of Environment Pollution (IJEP),Vol.6,Nos2/3, pp.89-112.

104. Hertwich, E. G, W. S. Pease and Koshland, C. P. (1997) Evaluating the Environmental Impact of Products and Production Processes - A comparison of six methods. Science of the Total Environment 196, 13-29.

105. Connolly, L. and Koshland, C. P. (1996) Two aspects of consumption: using an exergy-based measure of degradation to advance the theory and implementation of industrial ecology. Resource, Conservation and Recycling 19: 199-217

106. Thomson, M., Koshland, C. P. and Lucas, D. (1997) A Health Based Decision Making Tool for Waste Destruction. Environmental Engineering Science. 14: 163-174.

107. Ten Brinke, J. Selvin,S., Hodgson, A. T., Fisk, W. J., Mendell, M. M., Koshland, C. P. and Daisey, J. M. (1998) Development of New VOC Exposure Metrics and Their Relationship to “Sick Building Syndrome” Symptoms. Indoor Air. 8: 140-152.

108. Koshland, C. P. and Materna, B. (1987). Current Issues in Industrial Hygiene Sampling of Aerosols. American Public Health Association, 115 Annual Meeting, New Orleans.

109. Koshland, C. P. and Materna, B. (1988). Industrial hygiene evaluation in wafer fabrication area 16. Western Consortium for Public Health, March 1988

110. Hertwich, E. G., Sheng, P. S. and Koshland, C. P. (1996) A Flexible Method for Including Environmental Toxicity in DfE and LCA. Symposium Proceedings. The 1996 International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment. Dallas, TX, May.

111. C. P. Koshland, R. F. Sawyer, D. Lucas, and P. Franklin (1998). Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts. Report to the Governor and Legislature of the State of California as Sponsored by SB521.

112. Franklin, P.M., C.P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R.F. Sawyer. 2000. Evaluation of Combustion Byproducts of MTBE as a Component of Reformulated Gasoline. Chemosphere (in press).

113. Franklin, Pamela, Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R.F., and Lucas, D. (1998). Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts. Western States Section/ Combustion Institute March, 1998

114. Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R. F., Lucas, D. and Franklin, P.(1998) Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts, in Volume III, Air Quality and Ecological Effects, Health and Environmental Assessment of MTBE, Report to the Governor and the Legislature of the State of California as sponsored by SB 521, November 1998 [http://tsrtp.ucdavis.edu/]

115. Keller, A., Froines, J, Koshland, C. P., Reuter, J, Suffet, I and Last, J. (1998). Health and Environmental Assessment of MTBE, Report to the Governor and the Legislature of the State of California as sponsored by SB 521, November 1998 [http://tsrtp.ucdavis.edu/]

116. Franklin, P., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (1999) Evaluation of Combustion Products of MTBE as a component of reformulated gasoline. Extended Abstract. First Joint Meeting of the United States Sections of the Combustion Institute, Washington DC, March. p. 883-886.

117. Koshland, C. P. and Franklin, P. (1999) Policy Options Affecting Energy, Health and the Environment: MTBE or not. Report to the University of California Energy Institute.

118. L.H. Espinoza, D. Lucas, and D. Littlejohn (1999). Characterization of Hazardous Aqueous Samples by Near-IR Spectroscopy Appl. Spectros. 53, 92-102.

119. L.H. Espinoza, D. Lucas, and D. Littlejohn (1999). Analysis of Total Organic Carbon in Aqueous Solutions. Appl. Spectros. 53, 103-107.

120. C. P. Koshland, R. F. Sawyer, D. Lucas, and P. Franklin (1998). Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts. Report to the Governor and Legislature of the State of California as Sponsored by SB521.

121. Franklin, P.M., C.P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R.F. Sawyer. (2000). Clearing the air: Using scientific information to regulate reformulated fuels. Environmental Science & Technology (in press).

122. Franklin, P.M. 1999. Debating science, constructing policy: Reformulating gasoline in the U.S. Presentation at panel discussion “On Kilowatts, Carbon, and Cars: The Politics of Energy and Environment.” Society for Social Studies of Science Annual Meeting, San Diego, California.

123. Koshland, C. P. and Materna, B. (1988). Industrial hygiene evaluation in wafer fabrication area 16. Western Consortium for Public Health, March 1988

124. Hertwich, E. G., Sheng, P. S. and Koshland, C. P. (1996) A Flexible Method for Including Environmental Toxicity in DfE and LCA. Symposium Proceedings. The 1996 International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment. Dallas, TX, May.

125. Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R. F., Lucas, D. and Franklin, P.(1998) Evaluation of Automotive MTBE Combustion Byproducts, in Volume III, Air Quality and Ecological Effects, Health and Environmental Assessment of MTBE, Report to the Governor and the Legislature of the State of California as sponsored by SB 521, November 1998 [http://tsrtp.ucdavis.edu/]

126. Keller, A., Froines, J, Koshland, C. P., Reuter, J, Suffet, I and Last, J. (1998). Health and Environmental Assessment of MTBE, Report to the Governor and the Legislature of the State of California as sponsored by SB 521, November 1998 [http://tsrtp.ucdavis.edu/]

127. Koshland, C. P. and Franklin, P. (1999) Policy Options Affecting Energy, Health and the Environment: MTBE or not. Report to the University of California Energy Institute.

128. Franklin, P. M., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (2000) Clearing the air: Using scientific information to regulate reformulated fuels. Accepted in ES&T

129. H. L. Clack, C.P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R.F. Sawyer (1998). Observations of Spray Density Effects on Multicomponent Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Vaporization and Thermal Destruction. Twenty-Seventh Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1309-1315.

130. H. L. Clack, C.P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R.F. Sawyer (1999). Post-Flame Byproduct Formation from Size- and Density-Controlled 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Sprays. Environ. Engineer.Sci. 16, 3, 177-185.

131. Clack, H. L., Koshland, C. P. , Lucas, D. L. and Sawyer, R. F. (1997). A Two-step Air Blast Atomizer for Post-Combustion Flame Studies. Paper #WSS/CI 97S-016. Western States Section/Combustion Institute Spring Meeting, Livermore, CA.

132. Clack, H. Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (2000), Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, accepted.

133. J. R. Kanofsky, D. Lucas, and D. Gutman (1973). Direct Identification of Free-Radical Products of Oxygen Atoms with Olefins, using High-Intensity Molecular Beams. 14th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, 285.

134. J. R. Kanofsky, D. Lucas, and D. Gutman (1974). Direct Identification of the Reactive Channels with the Reactions of Oxygen Atoms and Hydroxyl Radicals with Acetylene and Methylacetylene. J. Phys. Chem. 78, 311.

135. D. Lucas (1977). Fast Reactions, Free Radicals, and Molecular Complexes Studied by the Matrix Isolation Technique. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley.

136. L. J. Allamandola, D. Lucas, and G. C. Pimentel (1978). Synchronized Flash Photolysis and Pulse Deposition in Matrix Isolation Experiments. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 49 (7), 913.

137. D. Lucas and G. C. Pimentel (1979). Reaction Between NO and O3 in Solid Nitrogen. J. Phys. Chem. 83 (18), 2311.

138. D. Lucas and G. E. Ewing (1981). Spontaneous Desorption of Vibrationally Excited Molecules Physically Adsorbed on Surfaces. Chem. Phys. 58, 385.

139. D. Lucas and N. J. Brown (1982). Characterization of the Selective Reduction of NO by NH3 Addition. Combust. Flame 47, 219.

140. D. Lucas, L. J. Allamandola, and G. C. Pimentel (1982). Matrix Isolation Infrared Spectra of Hydrogen Halide and Halogen Complexes with Nitrosyl Halides. Croat. Chem. Acta 55, 121.

141. D. Lucas, A. S. Newton, and N. J. Brown (1982). The Measurement of Ammonia in Lean Combustion Exhausts. Combust. Sci. Technol. 29, 309.

142. D. Lucas and N. J. Brown (1983). The Influence of Thiophene on the Selective Reduction of NO by NH3. . Combust. Flame 49, 283.

143. D. Lucas, R. Peterson, F. C. Hurlbut, and A. K. Oppenheim (1984). Effects of Transient Combustion on Molecular Beam Sampling. J. Phys. Chem. 88, 4548.

144. N. J. Brown, E. Cuellar, and D. Lucas (1984). Measurement of Nitrogenous and Sulfurous Combustion Emissions. Advanced Technologies in Synthetic Fuel Analysis. Wright, C. W., Weimer, W. C., and Felix, W. D., eds. Tech. Inform. Center, Oak Ridge, TN.

145. D. Lucas and N. J. Brown (1984). Optical Measurement of SO2 in Combustion Environments. Analytical Spectroscopy 19, 361. Lyon, W. S., ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

146. R. Peterson, D. Lucas, F. C. Hurlbut, and A. K. Oppenheim (1984). Molecular Beam Overrun in Sampling Transient Combustion Processes. J. Phys. Chem. 88, 4746.

147. F. C. Hurlbut, A. K. Oppenheim, D. Lucas, and R. Peterson (1985). Molecular Beam Mass Analysis of Transient Combustion Events.14th Symp. (Int.) on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (Proc.), 231.

148. D. Lucas, R. Peterson, N. J. Brown, and A. K. Oppenheim (1985). Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometer Sampling of Flash Ignited Combustion. 20th Symposium (Int.) on Combustion, 1205.

149. D. Lucas, M. Morrow, and N. J. Brown (1985). Measurement of Sulfur Dioxide in the Post-Combustion Environment. 20th Symposium (Int.) on Combustion, 1313.

150. R. Peterson, M. Ikegawa, and D. Lucas (1986). Direct Sampling Electron Impact Fluorimetry: A Technique for Measuring Combustion Species. Combust. Flame. 64, 219.

151. D. Lucas, C. F. Edwards, J. A. Cavolowsky, and A. K. Oppenheim (1986). Pulsed Plasma Jet Igniters: Molecular Beam Measurements. Combust. Sci. Tech. 50, 27.

152. D. Lucas, D. Dunn-Rankin, K. Hom, and N. J. Brown (1987). Ignition by Excimer Laser Photolysis of Ozone. Combust. Flame. 69, 171.

153. J. A. Cavolowsky, P. R. Breber, A. K. Oppenheim, and D. Lucas (1987). Pulsed Plasma Jet Igniters: Species Measurements in Nitrogen and Air. Combust. Sci. Tech. 54, 319.

154. D. Lucas, J. A. Cavolowsky, P. R. Breber, and A. K. Oppenheim. (1989). Pulsed Plasma Jet Igniters: Species Measurements in Methane Combustion. 22nd Symposium (Int.) on Combustion, 1661.

155. M. J. Hall, D. Lucas, and C. P. Koshland (1991). Measuring Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Combustion Using FTIR Spectroscopy. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25, 260.

156. E. F. Fisher, M. J. Hall, C. P. Koshland, and D. Lucas (1991). Thermal Destruction of C2H5Cl. 23rd Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, 895.

157. C. P. Koshland, E. M. Fisher, D. Lucas, and R. F. Sawyer (1991). Thermal Destruction of Some Chlorinated C1 and C2 Hydrocarbons. Combust. Sci. Technol. 82,

158. D. Lucas, C. McEnally, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1992). Detection of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Using Photofragmentation. Combust. Sci. Technol. 85, 271.

159. M. J. Thomson, D. Lucas, C. P. Koshland, and R. F. Sawyer (1997). Reducing Hazardous Waste Incinerator Emissions Through Blending. Combust. Sci. Technol 114-115, 68.

160. S.C. Lee, C. P. Koshland, D. Lucas, and R. F. Sawyer (1999). Effect of Postflame Injection of Fuel on the Destruction of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and the Oxidation of NO. Combust. Flame 119:154-160.

161. S. G. Buckley, C. J. Damm, W. M. Vitovec, L. A. Sgro, R. F. Sawyer, C. P. Koshland, and D. Lucas (1999). Ammonia Detection and Monitoring with Photofragmentation Fluorescence. Appl. Optics 37, 1-10.

162. D. Littlejohn, D. Lucas, and L. Han. Bent Silica Fiber Evanescent Absorption Sensors (1999). Appl. Spectros. 53, 7, 845-849

163. D. Littlejohn and D. Lucas (1999). Vapor Pressure Measurement System for Heavy Crude Oils. JAWMA 49, 1103-1109.

164. Clack, H.L; Koshland, C.P; Lucas, D; Sawyer, R.F. (2000) Accepted for publication in 28th Symp. (Int.) on Combust.

165. Ezekoye, O., Greif, R., and Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Increased surface temperature effects on wall heat transfer during unsteady flame quenching. TwentyFourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1465-1472, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

166. McDonald, J.W., Thompson, L.W., Sawyer, R.F., and Ferdman, M. (1989). Liquid rocket engine system vulnerability study. Physics International Company, PITR21368801, for U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center.

167. Engleman, S.A., Sawyer, R.F., Odeide, A., and Lucas, D. (1992). Destruction of toxic compounds in combustion augmented by a radio frequency induction plasma. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 92-64.

168. Connelly, L.G., III, Greif, R., and Sawyer, R.F. (1992). The effect of wall temperature on stagnation and sidewall flame quenching and resulting heat transfer. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 92-109.

169. Connelly, L., Ogasawara, T., Lee, D., Greif, R., and Sawyer, R.F. (1993). Stagnation quenching of laminar, methane-air flames in a constant volume chamber: wall temperature effects. Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Paper No. 93-077.

170. Koshland, C.P., Sawyer, R.F., and Lucas, D. (1994). Incineration: control in the combustor. Pacific Rim Conference, Hawaii, June 1994.

171. Koshland C. P. and Bowman, C. T. (1984). Combustion of monodisperse droplet clouds in a reactive environment. The Twentieth Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.

~~172.Koshland, C. P. (1985). Combustion of Monodisperse Hydrocarbon Fuel Droplet Clouds. Topical report T-248, High Temperature Gasdynamics Laboratory, Stanford University.~~

173. Koshland, C. P (1985). Combustion of interacting droplets in a droplet cloud flame. Paper 85-10, Fall Meeting, Western States Section/The Combustion Institute, Davis, CA.

174. Leung, S. W., Strand, M., Sawyer, R. F. and Koshland, C. P (1987). Formation and destruction of nitrogen dioxide. Extended Abstracts. Joint Conference, Western States and Japanese Sections, The Combustion Institute, November 22-25, Honolulu, HI.

175. Koshland, C. P. (1995). Environment, Teaching and Research: A Campus-wide Response. Interna-tional Workshop on Environmental Chemical Engineering, Univ. of Sydney, Australia, Dec.

IN PRESS

176. Franklin, P., Koshland, C. P., Lucas, D. and Sawyer, R. F. (2000) Evaluation of MTBE as a component of reformulated gasoline. Chemosphere Accepted